# Abstract - Hansen

#### Ethics, efficacy, and decision-making in animal research

Those whose ethics countenance harming animals simply because they taste yummy or   
because animal research (AR) advances scientific knowledge cannot be logically convinced into thinking   
otherwise. Some supporters of AR, however, are squeamish about it and condition their endorsement   
with a “the ends justify the means” morality, believing that vivisection is efficacious in improving human   
health care. Such conditional supporters of AR might be logically persuaded to oppose it if presented with  
data proving that most AR does not lead to medical advances. However, most vivisectors don’t care if AR   
lacks relevance to human health and they will continue harming animals until decisions   
about animal welfare are taken out of their hands.

All institutional “protections” for animals in research, inadequate as they are, have been forced upon   
vivisectors from outside the research-industrial complex. American Institutional Animal Care and Use   
Committees (IACUCs) were mandated by Congress in response to public outrage over animal abuses in   
AR, but were quickly neutered by stacking the IACUC membership deck with overwhelming majorities   
of animal researchers; wolves entrusted with guarding sheep. Laws protecting animals from those who   
profit by harming them have succeeded in the past, and more laws passed by those who care about   
animals are the only hope for the future.

**Dr Lawrence Hansen**  
School of Medicine  
Department of Pathology  
Division of Neuropathology  
University of California San Diego